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NC.Bio.Biology
Molecular BiologyBio.4.1. Understand how biological molecules are essential to the survival of living organismsBio.4.1.1. Compare the structures and functions of the major biological molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) as related to the survival of living organisms.
Bio.4.1.2. Summarize the relationship among DNA, proteins and amino acids in carrying out the work of cells and how this is similar in all organisms.
Bio.4.1.3. Explain how enzymes act as catalysts for biological reactions.
Bio.4.2. Analyze the relationships between biochemical processes and energy use in the cell.Bio.4.2.1. Analyze photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of how energy is stored, released, and transferred within and between these systems.
Bio.4.2.2. Explain ways that organisms use released energy for maintaining homeostasis (active transport).
EcosystemsBio.2.1. Analyze the interdependence of living organisms within their environments.Bio.2.1.1. Analyze the flow of energy and cycling of matter (water, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen) through ecosystems relating the significance of each to maintaining the health and sustainability of an ecosystem.
Bio.2.1.2. Analyze the survival and reproductive success of organisms in terms of behavioral, structural, and reproductive adaptations.
Bio.2.1.3. Explain various ways organisms interact with each other (including predation, competition, parasitism, mutualism) and with their environments resulting in stability within ecosystems.
Bio.2.1.4. Explain why ecosystems can be relatively stable over hundreds or thousands of years, even though populations may fluctuate (emphasizing availability of food, availability of shelter, number of predators and disease).
Bio.2.2. Understand the impact of human activities on the environment (one generation affects the next).Bio.2.2.1. Infer how human activities (including population growth, pollution, global warming, burning of fossil fuels, habitat destruction and introduction of nonnative species) may impact the environment.
Bio.2.2.2. Explain how the use, protection and conservation of natural resources by humans impact the environment from one generation to the next.
Evolution & GeneticsBio.3.1. Explain how traits are determined by the structure and function of DNA.Bio.3.1.1. Explain the double-stranded, complementary nature of DNA as related to its function in the cell.
Bio.3.1.2. Explain how DNA and RNA code for proteins and determine traits.
Bio.3.1.3. Explain how mutations in DNA that result from interactions with the environment (i.e. radiation and chemicals) or new combinations in existing genes lead to changes in function and phenotype.
Bio.3.2. Understand how the environment, and/or the interaction of alleles, influences the expression of genetic traits.Bio.3.2.1. Explain the role of meiosis in sexual reproduction and genetic variation.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Meiosis
Bio.3.2.2. Predict offspring ratios based on a variety of inheritance patterns (including: dominance, co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, and sex-linked traits).
Bio.3.2.3. Explain how the environment can influence the expression of genetic traits.
Bio.3.3. Understand the application of DNA technology.Bio.3.3.1. Interpret how DNA is used for comparison and identification of organisms.
Bio.3.3.3. Evaluate some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of DNA technology (including: cloning, genetically modified organisms, stem cell research, and Human Genome Project).
Bio.3.4. Explain the theory of evolution by natural selection as a mechanism for how species change over time.Bio.3.4.1. Explain how fossil, biochemical, and anatomical evidence support the theory of evolution.
Bio.3.4.2. Explain how natural selection influences the changes in species over time.
Bio.3.4.3. Explain how various disease agents (bacteria, viruses, chemicals) can influence natural selection.
Bio.3.5. Analyze how classification systems are developed based upon speciation.Bio.3.5.1. Explain the historical development and changing nature of classification systems.
Bio.3.5.2. Analyze the classification of organisms according to their evolutionary relationships (including: dichotomous keys and phylogenetic trees).
Structure and Functions of Living OrganismsBio.1.1. Understand the relationship between the structures and functions of cells and their organelles.Bio.1.1.1. Summarize the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells (including: the nucleus, plasma membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and ribosomes) and ways that these organelles interact with each other to perform the functioQuiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Cells Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Mitosis
Bio.1.1.2. Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in terms of their general structures (plasma membrane and genetic material) and degree of complexity.
Bio.1.2. Analyze the cell as a living system.Bio.1.2.1. Explain how homeostasis is maintained in the cell and within an organism in various environments (including: temperature and pH).
Bio.1.2.2. Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Meiosis Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Mitosis
Bio.1.2.3. Explain how specific cell adaptations help cells survive in particular environments (focus on unicellular organisms).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Cells
NC.CC.11-12.RST.Reading Standards for Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects
Reading Standards for Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas11-12.RST.8. Evaluate the hypotheses, data, analysis, and conclusions in a science or technical text, verifying the data when possible and corroborating or challenging conclusions with other sources of information.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Rocks Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
11-12.RST.9. Synthesize information from a range of sources (e.g., texts, experiments, simulations) into a coherent understanding of a process, phenomenon, or concept, resolving conflicting information when possible.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
Craft and Structure11-12.RST.4. Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 11-12 texts and topics.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Cells Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Meiosis Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Mitosis Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Rocks Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
NC.CC.11-12.WHST.Writing Standards for Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects
Writing Standards for Literacy in Science and Technical Subjects
Production and Distribution of Writing11-12.WHST.4. Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
Text Types and Purposes11-12.WHST.1. Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.11-12.WHST.1.e. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from or supports the argument presented.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
11-12.WHST.2. Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/ experiments, or technical processes.11-12.WHST.2.b. Develop the topic thoroughly by selecting the most significant and relevant facts, extended definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples appropriate to the audience's knowledge of the topic.
11-12.WHST.2.c. Use varied transitions and sentence structures to link the major sections of the text, create cohesion, and clarify the relationships among complex ideas and concepts.
11-12.WHST.2.d. Use precise language, domain-specific vocabulary and techniques such as metaphor, simile, and analogy to manage the complexity of the topic; convey a knowledgeable stance in a style that responds to the discipline and context as well as to the expertise oQuiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Cells Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Meiosis Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Mitosis Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Rocks Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
11-12.WHST.2.e. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation provided (e.g., articulating implications or the significance of the topic).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
NC.Chm.Chemistry
Energy: Conservation & TransferChm.2.1. Understand the relationship among pressure, temperature, volume, and phase.Chm.2.1.1. Explain the energetic nature of phase changes.
Chm.2.1.4. Infer simple calorimetric calculations based on the concepts of heat lost equals heat gained and specific heat.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Heat
Chm.2.1.5. Explain the relationships between pressure, temperature, volume, and quantity of gas both qualitative and quantitative.
Chm.2.2. Analyze chemical reactions in terms of quantities, product formation, and energy.Chm.2.2.1. Explain the energy content of a chemical reaction.
Chm.2.2.2. Analyze the evidence of chemical change.
Chm.2.2.3. Analyze the Law of Conservation of Matter and how it applies to various types of chemical equations (synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion).
Chm.2.2.5. Analyze quantitatively the composition of a substance (empirical formula, molecular formula, percent composition, and hydrates).
Interactions of Matter and EnergyChm.3.1. Understand the factors affecting rate of reaction and chemical equilibrium.Chm.3.1.1. Explain the factors that affect the rate of a reaction (temperature, concentration, particle size and presence of a catalyst).
Chm.3.1.2. Explain the conditions of a system at equilibrium.
Chm.3.2. Understand solutions and the solution process.Chm.3.2.1. Classify substances using the hydronium and hydroxide ion concentrations.
Chm.3.2.2. Summarize the properties of acids and bases.
Chm.3.2.4. Summarize the properties of solutions.
Chm.3.2.6. Explain the solution process.
Matter: Properties & ChangeChm.1.1. Analyze the structure of atoms and ions.Chm.1.1.1. Analyze the structure of atoms, isotopes, and ions.
Chm.1.1.2. Analyze an atom in terms of the location of electrons.
Chm.1.2. Understand the bonding that occurs in simple compounds in terms of bond type, strength, and properties.Chm.1.2.1. Compare (qualitatively) the relative strengths of ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds.
Chm.1.2.2. Infer the type of bond and chemical formula formed between atoms.
Chm.1.2.3. Compare inter- and intra- particle forces.
Chm.1.2.4. Interpret the name and formula of compounds using IUPAC convention.
Chm.1.2.5. Compare the properties of ionic, covalent, metallic, and network compounds.
Chm.1.3. Understand the physical and chemical properties of atoms based on their position in the Periodic Table.Chm.1.3.1. Classify the components of a periodic table (period, group, metal, metalloid, nonmetal, transition).
Chm.1.3.2. Infer the physical properties (atomic radius, metallic and nonmetallic characteristics) of an element based on its position on the Periodic Table.
Chm.1.3.3. Infer the atomic size, reactivity, electronegativity, and ionization energy of an element from its position in the Periodic Table.
NC.EEn.Earth/Environmental Science
Earth/Environmental Science
Earth: Systems, Structures and ProcessesEEn.2.1. Explain how processes and forces affect the lithosphere.EEn.2.1.1. Explain how the rock cycle, plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes impact the lithosphere.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Rocks
EEn.2.1.2. Predict the locations of volcanoes, earthquakes, and faults based on information contained in a variety of maps.
EEn.2.1.3. Explain how natural actions such as weathering, erosion (wind, water and gravity), and soil formation affect Earth's surface.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Rocks
EEn.2.1.4. Explain the probability of and preparation for geohazards such as landslides, avalanches, earthquakes and volcanoes in a particular area based on available data.
EEn.2.2. Understand how human influences impact the lithosphere.EEn.2.2.1. Explain the consequences of human activities on the lithosphere (such as mining, deforestation, agriculture, overgrazing, urbanization, and land use) past and present.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals
EEn.2.3. Explain the structure and processes within the hydrosphere.Een.2.3.2. Explain how ground water and surface water interact.
EEn.2.4. Evaluate how humans use water.EEn.2.4.1. Evaluate human influences on freshwater availability.
EEn.2.5. Understand the structure of and processes within our atmosphere.EEn.2.5.1. Summarize the structure and composition of our atmosphere.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Climate
EEn.2.5.2. Explain the formation of typical air masses and the weather systems that result from air mass interactions.
EEn.2.5.3. Explain how cyclonic storms form based on the interaction of air masses.
EEn.2.5.4. Predict the weather using available weather maps and data (including surface, upper atmospheric winds, and satellite imagery).
EEn.2.5.5. Explain how human activities affect air quality.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals
EEn.2.6. Analyze patterns of global climate change over time.EEn.2.6.1. Differentiate between weather and climate.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Climate
EEn.2.6.2. Explain changes in global climate due to natural processes.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Climate
EEn.2.6.3. Analyze the impacts that human activities have on global climate change (such as burning hydrocarbons, greenhouse effect, and deforestation).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Climate
EEn.2.6.4. Attribute changes in Earth systems to global climate change (temperature change, changes in pH of ocean, sea level changes, etc.).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Climate
EEn.2.7. Explain how the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere individually and collectively affect the biosphere.EEn.2.7.2. Explain why biodiversity is important to the biosphere.
EEn.2.7.3. Explain how human activities impact the biosphere.
EEn.2.8. Evaluate human behaviors in terms of how likely they are to ensure the ability to live sustainably on Earth.EEn.2.8.1. Evaluate alternative energy technologies for use in North Carolina.
Earth in the UniverseEEn.1.1. Explain the Earth's role as a body in space.EEn.1.1.1. Explain the Earth's motion through space, including precession, nutation, the barycenter, and its path about the galaxy.
EEn.1.1.2. Explain how the Earth's rotation and revolution about the Sun affect its shape and is related to seasons and tides.
EEn.1.1.4. Explain how incoming solar energy makes life possible on Earth.
NC.OA.Occupational Course of Study - Applied Science
Occupational Course of Study - Applied Science
MatterOA4.1. Understand properties of matter (color, shape, volume, density, texture).OA4.1.1. Distinguish between the three states of matter (solid, liquid, gas).
OA4.1.2. Classify common materials according to their properties (color, shape, volume, density, texture).
EnergyOA2.1. Understand energy and its conservation.OA2.1.1. Identify forms of energy (solar, nuclear, wind, chemical).
The EnvironmentOA6.1. Understand how humans can have positive and negative effects on the environment.OA6.1.1. Explain how humans can have a positive impact on natural resources.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Oceans
OA6.1.2. Explain the effects of pollution on the earth, air and waterways and what can be done at the individual, family and community level to reduce pollution.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Minerals Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Oceans
Electricity and MagnetismOA3.1. Understand electricity and magnetismOA3.1.1. Interpret a compass.
OA3.1.3. Understand safety procedures related to static electricity.
OA3.1.4. Understand safety procedures related to household electricity.
Forces and MotionOA1.1. Understand force and motion.OA1.1.1. Compare weight and mass.
OA1.1.2. Classify types of force (gravity, friction, magnetism).
OA1.1.3. Describe the effects of force (gravity, friction, magnetism) on an object's weight and motion.
Body SystemsOA7.1. Understand the human body's basic needs and control systems.OA7.1.1. Explain the primary functions of the major systems of the human body and the major organs within these systems.
OA7.1.2. Identify normal or desirable ranges for common health indicators (temperature, blood pressure, weight, cholesterol and blood glucose levels).
OA7.1.3. Classify health problems and symptoms in terms of whether they require or do not require medical attention.
OA7.1.4. Identify appropriate sources of medical care for identified problems/symptoms.
NC.OBio.Occupational Course of Study - Biology
Occupational Course of Study - Biology
Molecular BiologyOBio.4.1. Understand how biological molecules are essential to the survival of living organismsBio.4.1.1. Compare the structures and functions of the major biological molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids) as related to the survival of living organisms.
Bio.4.1.2. Summarize the relationship among DNA, proteins and amino acids in carrying out the work of cells and how this is similar in all organisms.
Bio.4.1.3. Explain how enzymes act as catalysts for biological reactions.
OBio.4.2. Analyze the relationships between biochemical processes and energy use.Bio.4.2.1. Analyze photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of how energy is stored, released, and transferred within and between these systems.
Bio.4.2.2. Summarize ways that organisms use released energy for maintaining homeostasis (active transport).
EcosystemsOBio.2.1. Analyze the interdependence of living organisms within their environments.Bio.2.1.1. Compare the flow of energy and cycling of matter (water, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen) through ecosystems relating the significance of each to maintaining the health and sustainability of an ecosystem.
Bio.2.1.2. Analyze the survival and reproductive success of organisms in terms of behavioral, structural, and reproductive adaptations.
Bio.2.1.3. Explain various ways organisms interact with each other (including predation, competition, parasitism, mutualism) and with their environments resulting in stability within ecosystems.
Bio.2.1.4. Explain why ecosystems can be relatively stable over hundreds or thousands of years, even though populations may fluctuate (emphasizing availability of food, availability of shelter, number of predators and disease).
OBio.2.2. Understand the impact of human activities on the environment (one generation affects the next).Bio.2.2.1. Infer how human activities (including population growth, pollution, global warming, burning of fossil fuels, habitat destruction and introduction of nonnative species) may impact the environment.
Bio.2.2.2. Explain how the use, protection and conservation of natural resources by humans impact the environment from one generation to the next.
Evolution & GeneticsOBio.3.1. Explain how traits are determined by the structure and function of DNA.Bio.3.1.1. Explain the double-stranded, complementary nature of DNA as related to its function in the cell.
Bio.3.1.2. Explain how DNA and RNA code for proteins and determine traits.
Bio.3.1.3. Explain how mutations in DNA that result from interactions with the environment (i.e. radiation and chemicals) or new combinations in existing genes lead to changes in function and phenotype.
OBio.3.2. Understand how the environment, and/or the interaction of alleles, influences the expression of genetic traits.Bio.3.2.1. Explain the role of meiosis in sexual reproduction and genetic variation.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Meiosis
Bio.3.2.2. Predict offspring ratios based on a variety of inheritance patterns (including: dominance, co-dominance, incomplete dominance, multiple alleles, and sex-linked traits).
Bio.3.2.3. Explain how the environment can influence the expression of genetic traits.
OBio.3.3. Understand the application of DNA technology.Bio.3.3.1. Interpret how DNA is used for comparison and identification of organisms.
Bio.3.3.3. Evaluate some of the ethical issues surrounding the use of DNA technology (including: cloning, genetically modified organisms, stem cell research, and Human Genome Project).
OBio.3.4. Explain the theory of evolution by natural selection as a mechanism for how species change over time.Bio.3.4.1. Explain how fossil, biochemical, and anatomical evidence support the theory of evolution.
Bio.3.4.2. Explain how natural selection influences the changes in species over time.
Bio.3.4.3. Explain how various disease agents (bacteria, viruses, chemicals) can influence natural selection.
OBio.3.5. Understand how classification systems are developed based upon speciation.Bio.3.5.1. Explain the historical development and changing nature of classification systems.
Bio.3.5.2. Analyze the classification of organisms according to their evolutionary relationships (including: dichotomous keys and phylogenetic trees).
Structure and Functions of Living OrganismsOBio.1.1. Understand the relationship between the structures and functions of cells and their organelles.Bio.1.1.1. Summarize the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells (including: the nucleus, plasma membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and ribosomes) and ways that these organelles interact with each other to perform the functioQuiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Cells Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Mitosis
Bio.1.1.2. Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in terms of their general structures (plasma membrane and genetic material) and degree of complexity.
OBio.1.2. Analyze the cell as a living system.Bio.1.2.1. Explain how homeostasis is maintained in the cell and within an organism in various environments (including: temperature and pH).
Bio.1.2.2. Analyze how cells grow and reproduce in terms of interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Meiosis Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Mitosis
Bio.1.2.3. Explain how specific cell adaptations help cells survive in particular environments (focus on unicellular organisms).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Cells
NC.Phy.Physics
Energy: Conservation and TransferPhy.2.1. Understand the concepts of work, energy, and power, as well as the relationship among them.Phy.2.1.1. Interpret data on work and energy presented graphically and numerically.
Phy.2.1.2. Compare the concepts of potential and kinetic energy and conservation of total mechanical energy in the description of the motion of objects.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Heat
Phy.2.1.3. Explain the relationship among work, power and energy.
Phy.2.2. Analyze the behavior of waves.Phy.2.2.1. Analyze how energy is transmitted through waves, using the fundamental characteristics of waves: wavelength, period, frequency, amplitude, and wave velocity.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
Phy.2.2.2. Analyze wave behaviors in terms of transmission, reflection, refraction and interference.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
Phy.2.2.3. Compare mechanical and electromagnetic waves in terms of wave characteristics and behavior (specifically sound and light).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
Phy.2.3. Analyze the nature of moving charges and electric circuits.Phy.2.3.1. Explain Ohm's law in relation to electric circuits.
Phy.2.3.2. Differentiate the behavior of moving charges in conductors and insulators.
Phy.2.3.3. Compare the general characteristics of AC and DC systems without calculations.
Phy.2.3.5. Analyze systems with multiple potential differences and resistors connected in series and parallel circuits, both conceptually and mathematically, in terms of voltage, current and resistance.
Interactions of Energy and MatterPhy.3.1. Explain charges and electrostatic systems.Phy.3.1.1. Explain qualitatively the fundamental properties of the interactions of charged objects.
Phy.3.1.2. Explain the geometries and magnitudes of electric fields.
Phy.3.1.4. Explain the mechanisms for producing electrostatic charges, including charging by friction, conduction, and induction.
Phy.3.1.5. Explain how differences in electrostatic potentials relate to the potential energy of charged objects.
Phy.3.2. Explain the concept of magnetism.Phy.3.2.1. Explain the relationship between magnetic domains and magnetism.
Phy.3.2.2. Explain how electric currents produce various magnetic fields.
Phy.3.2.3. Explain how transformers and power distributions are applications of electromagnetism.
Forces and MotionPhy.1.1. Analyze the motion of objects.Phy.1.1.1. Analyze motion graphically and numerically using vectors, graphs and calculations.
Phy.1.1.2. Analyze motion in one dimension using time, distance, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Phy.1.1.3. Analyze motion in two dimensions using angle of trajectory, time, distance, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Phy.1.2. Analyze systems of forces and their interaction with matter.Phy.1.2.1. Analyze forces and systems of forces graphically and numerically using vectors, graphs and calculations.
Phy.1.2.3. Explain forces using Newton's Laws of Motion as well as the Universal Law of Gravitation.
Phy.1.2.4. Explain the effects of forces (including weight, normal, tension and friction) on objects.
Phy.1.2.5. Analyze basic forces related to rotation in a circular path (Centripetal Force).
Phy.1.3. Analyze the motion of objects based on the principles of conservation of momentum, conservation of energy and impulse.Phy.1.3.1. Analyze the motion of objects involved in completely elastic and completely inelastic collisions by using the principles of conservation of momentum and conservation of energy.
Phy.1.3.2. Analyze the motion of objects based on the relationship between momentum and impulse.
NC.PSc.Physical Science
Matter: Properties and ChangePSc.2.1. Understand types, properties, and structure of matter.PSc.2.1.1. Classify matter as: homogeneous or heterogeneous; pure substance or mixture; element or compound; metals, nonmetals or metalloids; solution, colloid or suspension.
PSc.2.1.2. Explain the phases of matter and the physical changes that matter undergoes.
PSc.2.1.3. Compare physical and chemical properties of various types of matter.
PSc.2.1.4. Interpret data presented in Bohr model diagrams and dot diagrams for atoms and ions of elements 1 through 18.
PSc.2.2. Understand chemical bonding and chemical interactions.PSc.2.2.1. Infer valence electrons, oxidation number, and reactivity of an element based on its location in the Periodic Table.
PSc.2.2.2. Infer the type of chemical bond that occurs, whether covalent, ionic or metallic, in a given substance.
PSc.2.2.3. Predict chemical formulas and names for simple compounds based on knowledge of bond formation and naming conventions.
PSc.2.2.4. Exemplify the Law of Conservation of mass by balancing chemical equations.
PSc.2.2.5. Classify types of reactions such as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement or double replacement.
PSc.2.3. Understand the role of the nucleus in radiation and radioactivity.PSc.2.3.1. Compare nuclear reactions including; alpha decay, beta decay and gamma decay; nuclear fusion and nuclear fission.
Energy: Conservation and TransferPSc.3.1. Understand the types of energy, conservation of energy and energy transfer.PSc.3.1.1. Explain thermal energy and its transfer.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Heat
PSc.3.1.3. Explain work in terms of the relationship among the applied force to an object, the resulting displacement of the object and the energy transferred to an object.
PSc.3.1.4. Explain the relationship among work, power and simple machines both qualitatively and quantitatively.
PSc.3.2. Understand the nature of waves.PSc.3.2.1. Explain the relationships among wave frequency, wave period, wave velocity and wavelength through calculation and investigation.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
PSc.3.2.2. Compare waves (mechanical, electromagnetic, and surface) using their characteristics.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
PSc.3.2.3. Classify waves as transverse or compressional (longitudinal).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
PSc.3.2.4. Illustrate the wave interactions of reflection, refraction, diffraction, and interference.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Sound
PSc.3.3. Understand electricity and magnetism and their relationship.PSc.3.3.1. Summarize static and current electricity.
PSc.3.3.2. Explain simple series and parallel DC circuits in terms of Ohm's Law.
PSc.3.3.3. Explain how current is affected by changes in composition, length, temperature, and diameter of wire.
PSc.3.3.4. Explain magnetism in terms of domains, interactions of poles, and magnetic fields.
PSc.3.3.5. Explain the practical applications of magnetism.
Forces and MotionPSc.1.1. Understand motion in terms of speed, velocity, acceleration and momentum.PSc.1.1.1. Explain motion in terms of frame of reference, distance, and displacement.
PSc.1.1.2. Compare speed, velocity, acceleration and momentum using investigations, graphing, scalar quantities and vector quantities.
Psc.1.2. Understand the relationship between forces and motion.PSc.1.2.1. Explain how gravitational force affects the weight of an object and the velocity of an object in freefall.
PSc.1.2.2. Classify frictional forces into one of four types: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid.
PSc.1.2.3. Explain forces using Newton's Three Laws of Motion.