Chromosomes

Science, Grade 6

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Pairs of chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a cell. One chromosome from each pair is inherited from each parent.

Chromosomes are made up of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the hereditary material in humans and most other organisms.

The hereditary information in DNA is stored as a code of four nitrogen bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.

Specific sections of the DNA are called genes. Each gene provides the cell with different information.

Each chromosome is made up of many genes. There are about 100,000 genes found on human chromosomes.

In each human body cell, there are 46 chromosomes, existing in 23 pairs.