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AZ.2.L.Language Standards
Conventions of Standard English2.L.1. Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.2.L.1.b. Form and use frequently occurring irregular plural nouns (e.g., feet, children, teeth, mice, fish).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Plurals
2.L.1.e. Use adjectives and adverbs, and choose between them depending on what is to be modified.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Adjectives Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Grammar
2.L.2. Demonstrate command of the conventions of Standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.2.L.2.c. Use an apostrophe to form contractions and frequently occurring possessives.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Contractions Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Contractions Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Grammar Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Nouns
2.L.2.d. Generalize learned spelling patterns when writing words (e.g., cage → badge; boy → boil).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Spelling
Vocabulary Acquisition and Use2.L.4. Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple‐meaning words and phrases based on grade 2 reading and content, choosing flexibly from an array of strategies.2.L.4.a. Determine the meaning of the new word formed when a known prefix is added to a known word (e.g., happy/unhappy, tell/retell).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Prefixes
2.L.4.b. Use a known root word as a clue to the meaning of an unknown word with the same root (e.g., addition, additional).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Root Words
2.L.4.c. Use knowledge of the meaning of individual words to predict the meaning of compound words (e.g., birdhouse, lighthouse, housefly; bookshelf, notebook, bookmark).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Grammar
2.L.4.d. Use sentence‐level context as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
2.L.4.e. Use glossaries and beginning dictionaries, both print and digital, to determine or clarify the meaning of words and phrases.
2.L.5. Demonstrate understanding of word relationships and nuances in word meanings.2.L.5.a. Identify real‐life connections between words and their use (e.g., describe foods that are spicy or juicy).
2.L.6. Use words and phrases acquired through conversations, reading and being read to, and responding to texts, including using adjectives and adverbs to describe (e.g., When other kids are happy that makes me happy).
AZ.2.RF.Reading Standards: Foundational Skills
Reading Standards: Foundational Skills
Phonics and Word Recognition2.RF.3. Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding one-syllable or two-syllable words.2.RF.3.a. Distinguish long and short vowels when reading regularly spelled one‐syllable words.
2.RF.3.b. Know spelling‐sound correspondences for additional common vowel teams.
2.RF.3.c. Identify and apply all six syllable types to decode appropriate grade-level text.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Phonics Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Syllables
2.RF.3.d. Decode words with common prefixes and suffixes.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Prefixes Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Suffixes
Fluency2.RF.4. Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension.2.RF.4.a. Read on‐level text with purpose and understanding.
2.RF.4.b. Read on‐level text orally with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression on successive readings.
2.RF.4.c. Use context to confirm or self‐correct word recognition and understanding, rereading as necessary.
AZ.2.RI.Reading Standards for Informational Text
Reading Standards for Informational Text
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas2.RI.7. Explain how specific images (e.g., a diagram showing how a machine works) contribute to and clarify a text.
2.RI.8. Describe how reasons support specific points the author makes in a text.
2.RI.9. Compare and contrast the most important points presented by two texts on the same topic.
Key Ideas and Details2.RI.1. Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text.
2.RI.2. Identify and explain the main topic of a multi-paragraph text as well as the focus of specific paragraphs within the text.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Main Idea
2.RI.3. With prompting and support, describe the connection between a series of historical events, scientific ideas or concepts, or steps in technical procedures in a text.
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity2.RI.10. By the end of the year, proficiently and independently read and comprehend informational texts, including history/social studies, science, and technical texts, in a text complexity range determined by qualitative and quantitative measures appropriate to gQuiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Genre
Craft and Structure2.RI.4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases in a text relevant to a grade 2 topic or subject area.
2.RI.5. Know and use various text features (e.g., captions, bold print, subheadings, glossaries, indexes, electronic menus, icons) to locate key facts or information in a text efficiently.
2.RI.6. Identify the main purpose of a text, including what the author wants to answer, explain, or describe.
AZ.2.RL.Reading Standards for Literature
Reading Standards for Literature
Integration of Knowledge and Ideas2.RL.7. Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Settings
2.RL.9. Compare and contrast the characters and settings from two or more versions of the same story by different authors or from different cultures.
Key Ideas and Details2.RL.1. Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text.
2.RL.2. Recount stories, including fables and folktales from diverse cultures, and determine their central message, lesson, or moral.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Genre
2.RL.3. Describe how characters in a story respond to major events and challenges.
Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity2.RL.10. By the end of the year, proficiently and independently read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poetry, in a text complexity range determined by qualitative and quantitative measures appropriate to grade 2.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Genre
Craft and Structure2.RL.4. Describe how words and phrases supply rhythm (e.g., regular beats, alliteration, rhymes, repeated lines) and meaning in a story, poem, or song.Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Genre
2.RL.5. Describe the overall structure of a story, including how the beginning introduces the story and the ending concludes the action.
2.RL.6. Acknowledge differences in the points of view of characters, including by speaking in a different voice for each character when reading dialogue aloud.
AZ.2.SL.Speaking and Listening Standards
Speaking and Listening Standards
Comprehension and Collaboration2.SL.1. Participate in collaborative conversations with diverse partners about grade 2 topics and texts with peers and adults in small and larger groups.2.SL.1.c. Ask for clarification and further explanation as needed about the topics and texts under discussion.
2.SL.2. Recount or describe key ideas or details from a text read aloud or information presented orally or through other media.
AZ.2.W.Writing Standards
Production and Distribution of Writing2.W.4. With guidance and support from adults, produce writing in which the development and organization are appropriate to task and purpose. (Grade‐specific expectations for writing types are defined in standards 1–3 above).
2.W.5. With guidance and support from adults and peers, focus on a topic and strengthen writing as needed by revising and editing.
AZ.2.WF.Writing Standards: Foundational Skills
Writing Standards: Foundational Skills
Sound-letter basics and Handwriting2.WF.2. Demonstrate and apply sound-letter concepts.2.WF.2.a. Write the most common graphemes (letters or letter groups) for each phoneme. For example:2.WF.2.a.1. Consonants: /s/= s, ss, ce, ci, cy; /f/= f, ff, ph; /k/= c, k, ck
2.WF.2.a.2. Vowels: /o/= o, o_e, oa, ow (long o); /a/= a, a_e, ai, ay, eigh (long a)
Spelling2.WF.3. Know and apply phonics and word analysis skills when encoding words.2.WF.3.a. Spell on-level, regular, single-syllable words that include:2.WF.3.a.4. Vowel-r combinations (e.g., turn, star, third, four, for).
2.WF.3.a.5. Contractions (e.g., we'll, I'm, they've, don't).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Contractions Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Contractions
2.WF.3.a.6. Homophones (e.g., bear, bare; past, passed).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Homophones
2.WF.3.a.7. Plurals and possessives (e.g., its, it's).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Grammar Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Nouns Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Nouns Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game Plurals
2.WF.3.b. With prompting and support, spell two- and three-syllable words that:2.WF.3.b.1. Combine closed, open, vowel teams, vowel-r, and CVe (Consonant-Vowel-silent e) syllables (e.g., compete, robot, violet, understand).
2.WF.3.b.2. Include familiar compound words (e.g., houseboat, yellowtail).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Grammar
2.WF.3.b.3. Include the most common prefixes and derivational suffixes (e.g., un-, re-, en-, -ful, -ment, -less).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Prefixes Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Suffixes
2.WF.3.c. With prompting and support, spell words with suffixes that require:2.WF.3.c.3. Changing y to i (e.g., cried, babies).Quiz, Flash Cards, Worksheet, Game & Study Guide Plural Nouns
2.WF.3.d. Spell grade-level appropriate words in English, as found in a research-based list, including:2.WF.3.d.1. Irregular words (e.g., against, many, enough, does).
2.WF.3.d.2. Pattern-based words (e.g., which, kind, have).