Matter
Science, Grade 4
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Study Guide Matter Science, Grade 4
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MATTER Matter is ALL Around Us! Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Matter is made up of atoms. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and make up all objects. Lesson Checkpoint: What is matter made of? States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas Solid: A state of matter in which molecules are packed tightly together so they can’t move around. Solids always hold the same basic shape. An example of a solid is a rock. Liquid: A state of matter in which the molecules are close together, but are able to move around slowly. Liquids take the shape of whatever they are poured into. An example of a liquid is water. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Gas: A state of matter in which the molecules are far apart and can move around freely. Gas has no shape. Oxygen is an example of a gas. Lesson Checkpoint: What are the three states of matter? Matter can Change States! Not to New York, California, or Texas…matter change states from solid, liquid, or gas. An example of matter changing states is this: an ice cube begins as a solid…when it melts it becomes a liquid…when the liquid is heated and evaporates it becomes a gas. Types of Changes in Matter A physical change is when matter changes size, shape, or state but doesn’t change the particles that make up matter. An example of physical change: shaping clay into different shapes, you change the shape of the clay but not what the clay is made of. A chemical change changes what particles of matter are made of, which produces a new kind of matter. An example of chemical change: combining baking soda + vinegar = carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is the new matter created. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Lesson Checkpoint: What is the difference between a physical change and a chemical change? Properties of Matter Size: A property of matter that tells how big or small an object is. Shape: A property of matter that describes the form of an object. Mass: A property of matter that tells the amount of matter in an object. Volume: A property of matter that refers to the amount of space something takes up. Flexibility: A property of matter that refers to the ability an object has to be stretched without breaking. Buoyancy: The ability an object has to float in a liquid. Lesson Checkpoint: What are three properties of matter? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
Measuring Matter: Units of measurement Meters, centimeters, grams, and liters are all examples of units of measurement. For example, meters and centimeters are units of measurement that can be used to measure the length and width of an object. Tools used for measuring: Many properties of matter can be measured using different tools. For example, volume is an amount of space measured in units. A graduated cylinder can be used to measure volume. Mass can be measured using a pan balance. Lesson Checkpoint: What can be used to measure volume? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
What happens what matter is mixed, dissolved, or combined? A mixture is a combination or two or more substances. The substances in a mixture are physically combined, which means they can be separated. Substances that are mixed together have the same properties as they did before they were mixed together. When you add chocolate chips to your cookie dough before you bake the cookies, you make a mixture of dough and chips. You could separate them again if you had to, since one did not dissolve in the other. That is a mixture. A solution is when one or more substances are dissolved in another substance. A solute is the substance that is dissolved in the solvent. The solvent is the substance that dissolves another substance. Solubility refers to the ability of one substance to dissolve into another substance. When you make lemonade, you combine water, lemon juice, and sugar together to make something new: lemonade. You can’t separate the sugar from the lemon juice or water once you mix them together. That is a solution. Compounds are substances that are made up of more than one type of atom and are chemically combined. For example, carbon dioxide is made up of carbon and oxygen atoms (CO2). Lesson Checkpoint: What is a mixture? © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted for the purchaser to print copies for non-commercial educational purposes only. Visit us at www.NewPathLearning.com.
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