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Microlife

Science, Grade 8

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Bacteria Bacteria are the most abundant organisms on Earth. They thrive in diverse conditions and places, including our bodies. Bacteria are single celled organisms. They are considered prokaryotes, since their DNA is in the cytoplasm and not within a nucleus. Although some bacteria can cause disease, most bacteria types are beneficial in food and medicine production, recycling of matter and keeping our bodies healthy. Shapes of Bacteria Bacteria have one of three basic shapes: spiral, rod-like or spherical. Paramecium Paramecia are animal-like protists that live in fresh water and feed on bacteria and smaller protists. Euglena Euglenoids are unicellular algae that live in fresh water and can make their own food in the presence of sunlight. food vacuole nucleus nucleus large nucleus small nucleus cilia cytoplasm cytoplasm eyespot slime mold flagellum chloroplast pseudopod contractile vacuole contractile vacuole contractile vacuole anal pore food vacuole oral groove cell membrane cell membrane DNA ribosomes cell wall cytoplasm spiral spherical rodlike pilli Fungus-like protists, like fungi, are heterotrophs and use spores to reproduce. Protists The protist kingdom is the most diverse. Some protists are unicellular while others are multicellular. The wide variety of characteristics of the numerous protist species makes it difficult to categorize them, but scientists developed a method that places each species into one of three separate categories: animal-like, plant-like (algae) and fungus-like. Some photos courtesy of CDC and USDA. Amoeba Amoebas are animal-like and feed on bacteria and smaller protists. Fungi are eukaryotes (have a cell nucleus) with cell walls, are heterotrophs that obtain food by absorbing nutrients by decomposing organic matter and use spores to reproduce. Fungi cycle nutrients and provide us with antibiotics, while others are used for food such as mushrooms. And select species of fungi have the ability to cause disease in both plants and animals. Classification of fungi Club fungi Fungi in this group include mushrooms, rusts and puffballs. Sac fungi Sac fungi are the largest group of fungi and include yeasts, morels and truffles. Zygote fungi Common fruit and bread molds are examples of Zygote fungi. gills hyphae underground hyphae cap stalk Fungi Microlife – Bacteria, Fungi & Protists © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4704 www.newpathlearning.com flagellum

Bacteria eyespot slime mold chloroplast anal pore oral groove Protists Microlife – Bacteria, Fungi & Protists © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4704 www.newpathlearning.com Classification of fungi Fungi are ________________ (have a cell nucleus) with cell walls, are ________________ that obtain food by absorbing nutrients by decomposing organic matter and use spores to reproduce. Fungi recycle _______________ and provide us with ________________, while others are used for food such as mushrooms. Select species of fungi have the ability to ________________ in both plants and animals. Club fungi _________________ _________________ _________________ Sac fungi _________________ _________________ _________________ Zygote fungi _________________ _________________ _________________ __________________ are the most abundant organisms on Earth. They thrive in diverse conditions and places, including our bodies. ____________________ are single celled organisms. They are considered _________________, since their DNA is in the cytoplasm and not within a ___________________. Although some bacteria can cause disease, most bacteria types are beneficial in ____________________ and ____________________, _______________________ and _______________________. Shapes of Bacteria Bacteria have one of three basic shapes: _____________________, ___________________ or ___________________. ________________ are animal-like and feed on bacteria and smaller protists. ________________ are animal-like protists that live in fresh water and feed on bacteria and smaller protists. ________________ are unicellular algae that live in fresh water and can make their own food in the presence of sunlight. _________________, like fungi are heterotrophs and use spores to reproduce. The __________________ kingdom is the most diverse. Some protists are __________________ while others __________________. The wide variety of characteristics of the numerous protist species makes it difficult to categorize them, but scientists developed a method that places each species into one of three separate categories: ___________________, ___________________ and __________________. Key Vocabulary Terms • Amoeba • Euglenoids • plasma membrane • animal-like • eukaryotes • pseudopod • antibiotic • flagellum • protist • bacteria • fungus-like • rodlike • cell wall • heterotrophs • Sac fungi • cilia • nucleus • spherical • Club fungi • Paramecium • vacuole • cytoplasm • plant-like • Zygote fungi Fungi \|xiBAHBDy01757ozX

Microlife

Science, Grade 8

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