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Solids, Liquids & Gases

Science, Grade 6

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Solids Liquids Gases The particles that make up a solid are packed very closely together in a set position. This closely held arrangement of particles provides a solid material with a definite shape and volume. Solids are either amorphous or crystalline. The particles of amorphous solids such as butter, are not arranged in a regular pattern; whereas, the particles of crystalline solids such as salt or sugar, are arranged in a regular pattern. The particles in a liquid are packed close together but are free to move allowing liquids to flow. This particle arrangement gives liquids volume but not a definite shape. Liquids take the shape of the container that it’s poured into. Gases like liquids are fluids. However, a gas does not have a definite shape or definite volume. Particles of a gas can be squeezed together or spread apart in a container filling all the space available. The atoms and molecules of a gas spread equally throughout and fill a container of any size and shape. 50 100 150 200 250 300 50 60 70 80 90 100 40 30 20 10 particle view of a solid particle view of a liquid amorphous solid liquid liquid solid gas gas solid dry ice carbon dioxide gas evaporation boiling particle view of a gas crystalline solid © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4609 www.newpathlearning.com Solids, Liquids & Gase s Changes of State Solid to Liquid Melting is the change in state from a solid to a liquid which takes place at a specific temperature, called the melting point. At its melting point, the particles of a solid vibrate so fast that they break free from their closely packed arrangement. Freezing is the reverse process of melting. At its freezing point, the particles of a liquid slow down and form regular patterns. Liquid to Gas Changes that take place between the liquid and gas phases include evaporation, boiling and condensation. • Evaporation of a liquid takes place when the particles in a liquid gain enough heat energy to form a gas. • Boiling takes place when a liquid changes to a gas just below and above its surface. • Condensation is the opposite of vaporization. It occurs when the particles in a gas lose enough heat energy to form a liquid. Solid to Gas During sublimation, particles of a solid bypass the liquid state and form a gas. An example of this is when dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) changes directly into a gas. Quartz Orange

Solids Liquids Gases Describe a solid. __________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ Solids are either __________________ or __________________ . The particles of __________________ solids such as butter, are not arranged in a regular pattern; whereas, the particles of __________________ solids such as salt or sugar, are arranged in a regular pattern. Describe a gas. ___________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ Describe a liquid. _________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________ 50 100 150 200 250 300 50 60 70 80 90 100 40 30 20 10 particle view of a liquid particle view of a gas Key Vocabulary Terms • amorphous • gas • boiling • liquid • condensation • melting point • crystalline • solid • evaporation • sublimation • freezing • volume © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4609 www.newpathlearning.com \|xiBAHBDy01806tz] Solids, Liquids & Gase s Solid to Liquid __________________ is the change in state from a solid to a liquid which takes place at a specific temperature, called the __________ ____________ . At its melting point, the particles of a solid vibrate so fast that they break free from their closely packed arrangement. __________________ is the reverse process of melting. At its freezing point, the particles of a liquid slow down and form regular patterns. Liquid to Gas Describe: • Evaporation __________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ • Boiling ______________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ • Condensation ________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ Solid to Gas During __________________ , particles of a solid bypass the liquid state and form a gas. An example of this is when dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) changes directly into a gas. Changes of State

Solids, Liquids & Gases

Science, Grade 6

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