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Roots, Stems & Leaves

Science, Grade 5

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© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4502 www.newpathlearning.com Roots Plants have various structures, each serving a different purpose for keeping a plant alive and healthy. Plant roots anchor the plant firmly into the soil, store food, and most importantly absorb water and nutrients from the soil. Stems Plant stems perform two basic functions: they support the leaves and flowers and they carry water and nutrients within the plant. The xylem carries water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves. The phloem carries sugar away from leaves to the rest of the plant. leaf roots node terminal bud stem The Process of Photosynthesis Plants make food in the form of sugar through the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast of a plant cell. Chlorophyll found in the chloroplast of the plant cell absorbs sunlight. Plants use carbon dioxide they take in from the air around them, water they get from the soil through their roots, and energy from the Sun to produce oxygen and sugar. xylem stomate spongy tissue epidermis cuticle phloem vessels stomate oxygen (O2) out carbon dioxide (CO2) in tap root fibrous root Leaves Most of a plant’s food is made in the leaves. A leaf is made of many layers that are sandwiched between two layers of tough skin cells called the epidermis. These layers provide protection for the leaf from insects and other pests. Leaves have tiny pores called stomates which allow water and gases to pass in and out of the plant. bark pith (heartwood) xylem phloem (inner bark) xylem phloem pith soft stem woody stem Plant cell Leaf details xylem phloem root hairs epidermis Plants have two different root systems. A taproot system consists of one main large root that grows directly down into the soil. A fibrous root system consists of many roots that grow underground in many directions. cell membrane chloroplast nucleus cell wall vacuole CHLOROPLAST SUGAR OXYGEN CO2 WATER Roots, Stems & Leaves

\|xiBAHBDy01722mzV © Copyright N ewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4502 www.newpathlearning.com woody stem Roots What is the function of roots? _________________________ _________________________ Describe the two plant root systems. _________________________ _________________________ Stems What is the function of stems? _______________________ _________________________________________________ What is the function of xylem? _______________________ _________________________________________________ What is the function of phloem? ______________________ _________________________________________________ The Process of Photosynthesis What is photosynthesis and how does it take place? _______________________________ _______________________________ What is the function of chloroplasts? _______________________________ _______________________________ What is the function of chlorophyll? _______________________________ _______________________________ Leaves What is the function of leaves? ________________ __________________________________________ What is the epidermis? ______________________ __________________________________________ What are stomata? _________________________ _______________________ Plant cell Leaf details Key Vocabulary Terms Key Vocabulary Terms • bark • pith • cell membrane • phloem • cell wall • photosynthesis • chlorophyll • root hairs • chloroplast • roots • cuticle • spongy tissue • cytoplasm • stem • epidermis • stomate • fibrous root • tap root • leaf • vacuole • nucleus • xylem oxygen (O2) out carbon dioxide (CO2) in CHLOROPLAST SUGAR OXYGEN CO2 WATER Roots, Stems & Leaves

Roots, Stems & Leaves

Science, Grade 5

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