The Solar System
Science, Grade 3
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Mercury Venus Earth Asteroid belt Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto • Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and is the second smallest planet in the solar system. Mercury is dry and is a very hot planet since it is so close to the Sun. • The second closest planet to the Sun is Venus. Venus has no moons and is also a very hot and rocky planet. • Earth is the third planet from the Sun and is where we live. Earth is the only planet in the solar system that can support life. Earth has water, atmosphere that contains oxygen and carbon dioxide, and just the right temperatures in order for things to live on Earth. • The fourth planet from the Sun is the planet Mars, which is the last of the inner planets. Mars is often known as the “red planet” because of its red and orange surface. • The asteroid belt is located between Mars and Jupiter, it contains thousands of asteroids. Asteroids are small pieces of rock that orbit around the Sun. • The fifth planet from the Sun, that is made up of gas, is Jupiter. Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. • The sixth planet from the Sun is Saturn. Saturn has rings made of ice and rock that circle around the planet. • The seventh planet from the Sun is Uranus. Uranus has 26 moons. • The eighth planet from the Sun is Neptune. Neptune is made up of different gases. • Pluto is a dwarf planet and is farther from the Sun than the other known planets. Pluto is made up of poisonous gases. Distance from the Sun AU = Astronomical Unit 1 AU = approximately 150 million km Planet AU Mercury 0.4 AU Venus 0.7 AU Earth 1.0 AU Mars 1.5 AU Asteroid Belt 2.8 AU Jupiter 5.0 AU Saturn 10.0 AU Uranus 19.0 AU Neptune 30.0 AU Pluto 39.0 AU The solar system includes the Sun, planets, the moons of each planet, as well as other objects that revolve around the Sun. The Sun is a gigantic star that is made up of hot gases called plasma. Planets and other objects revolve around the Sun in a path called an orbit. A planet is a large body that revolves around the Sun. Planets farther from the Sun take a longer time to orbit around the Sun than planets that are closer. There are eight known planets, plus a dwarf planet, Pluto. The planets are divided into two groups called inner and outer planets based on their distance from the Sun. The inner planets include Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The outer planets include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and the dwarf planet Pluto. © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4310 www.newpathlearning.com The Solar System
\|xiBAHBDy01731ozX Distance from the Sun AU = Astronomical Unit 1 AU = approximately 150 million km Planet AU Mercury 0.4 AU Venus 0.7 AU Earth 1.0 AU Mars 1.5 AU Asteroid Belt 2.8 AU Jupiter 5.0 AU Saturn 10.0 AU Uranus 19.0 AU Neptune 30.0 AU Pluto 39.0 AU What makes up our solar system? _________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ What is a planet? __________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ Which are the inner planets? ____________________ _____________________________________ Which are the outer planets? _______ __________________________ What is the asteroid belt? ________________ ____________ Key Vocabulary Terms asteroid belt orbit asteroids outer planets dwarf planet planet Earth Pluto inner planets Saturn Jupiter solar system Mars Sun Mercury Uranus Neptune Venus Describe each of the planets: Mercury ________________________ Venus __________________________________________ Earth _______________________________________________________________ Mars _______________________________________________________________________ Jupiter ______________________________________________________________________ Saturn ______________________________________________________________________ Uranus ______________________________________________________________________ Neptune _____________________________________________________________________ Pluto _______________________________________________________________________ The Solar System © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4310 www.newpathlearning.com
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