Fishes, Amphibians & Reptiles

Life Science - Middle School

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© Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4709 www.newpathlearning.com Gopher snake Gecko Adult Tadpole Froglet Eggs Life Cycle of a Frog Fishes A fish is a vertebrate animal that lives in water. It uses gills to obtain oxygen from the water, and uses its fins for movement. Most fishes have scales and are ectotherms. The body temperature of an ectotherm changes depending on the temperature of its environment. Amphibians An amphibian is a vertebrate that is ectothermic and lives its early life in water. Once an amphibian reaches adulthood, it then lives on land, only to return to the water to reproduce. Amphibians lay eggs in the water where they hatch into larvae. The larvae have gills and undergo metamorphosis when entering the adult phase. Examples of amphibians include frogs, toads, newts and salamanders. Reptiles Reptiles are ectotherms, breathe by lungs, and have a dry scaly skin. Lizards, snakes, turtles, tortoises, alligators and crocodiles are all examples of reptiles. Jawless fishes Jawless fish are the only fish that do not have scales or jaws. They have a skeleton made of cartilage and their fins are not paired. Jawless fish have mouth structures that help them feed by sucking, stabbing, and scraping their food. The two types of jawless fishes include hagfishes and lampreys. Cartilaginous fishes A cartilaginous fish has paired fins, scales, hinged jaws and a skeleton made of cartilage. Examples of cartilaginous fishes include rays, sharks, and skates. Lizards & Snak es Lizards and snakes make up most of the reptiles today. Lizards differ from snakes in various ways. Lizards have four legs, long tails, external ears, moveable eyelids and two lungs. Snakes have no external ears or eyelids, and most have one lung. Alligators & Cr ocodiles Alligators and crocodiles are the largest living reptiles. Both are carnivorous reptiles and care for their young. Turtles Turtles live on land, in fresh water, and in the sea. These reptiles are covered by a protective shell. They live longer than any other vertebrate. Some live for over 150 years. Bony fishes Bony fishes are the most diverse group of fish and make up 95% of all fish species. A bony fish has hinged jaws, paired fins, scales and a skeleton made of bone. Its gills on each side of the head are protected by a hard plate. Bony fishes include bass, carp, and bluefin tuna among others. Lamprey Lamprey mouth Reef shark Crocodile Some photos courtesy of NOAA. Fishes, Amphibians & Rept iles gills gill cover spinal cord tail fin anus gonads dorsal fin intestines liver stomach heart
\|xiBAHBDy01747pzY © Copyright NewPath Learning. All Rights Reserved. 94-4709 www.newpathlearning.com Gopher snake Life Cycle of a Frog Fishes A fish is a ________________ animal that lives in water. It uses _______________ to obtain oxygen from the water, and uses its _______________ for movement. Most fishes have scales and are ectotherms. The body temperature of an ________________ changes depending on the temperature of its environment. Amphibians An amphibian is a ________________ that is ectothermic and lives its early life in water. Once an amphibian reaches adulthood, it then lives on land, only to return to the water to reproduce. Amphibians lay ______________ in the water where they hatch into ________________. The larvae have __________________ and undergo __________________ when entering the adult phase. Examples of amphibians include ________________________________ ____________________________________. Reptiles Reptiles are ectotherms, breathe by ________________, and have a ________________ skin. Examples of reptiles include ________________________________________ _______________________________________________. Jawless fishes Jawless fish are the only fish that do not have ___________________ or ___________________. They have a skeleton made of cartilage and their fins are not paired. Jawless fish have mouth structures that help them feed by ________________, _________________, and ___________________ their food. The two types of jawless fishes include __________________________ and __________________________ . Cartilaginous fishes _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Lizards & Snak es _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Alligators & Cr ocodiles ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ ____________________________________ Turtles ________________________________________ ________________________________________ Bony fishes _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ Key Vocabulary Terms alligator hinged jaw amphibians jawless fishes bony fishes lizard carnivorous reptile cartilaginous fishes scales crocodile snake ectotherm turtle fish vertebrate gills Lamprey Reef shark Fishes, Amphibians & Rept iles spinal cord