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NE.SC.HS-ESS.HS Earth and Space Sciences
HS Earth and Space Sciences
SC.HS.11. Space Systems
SC.HS.11.1. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence to defend that the universe changes over time.
SC.HS.11.1.A. Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the stages of stars, like the sun, and the role of nuclear fusion in the sun's core to release energy that eventually reaches Earth in the form of radiation.
SC.HS.11.1.B. Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.
SC.HS.12.2.C. Analyze geoscience data and the results from global climate models to make an evidence-based forecast of the current rate and scale of global or regional climate changes.
SC.HS.13.3. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence to defend the position that Earth's systems are interconnected and impact one another.
SC.HS.13.3.A. Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth's surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to other Earth systems.
SC.HS.13.3.D. Plan and conduct an investigation of the properties of water and their effects on Earth materials, surface processes, and groundwater systems.
SC.HS.14.4. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence to interpret Earth's history.
SC.HS.14.4.A. Evaluate evidence of the past and current movements of continental and oceanic crust and the theory of plate tectonics to explain the differences in age, structure, and composition of crustal and sedimentary rocks.
SC.HS.14.4.B. Apply scientific reasoning and evidence from ancient Earth materials, meteorites, and other planetary surfaces to reconstruct Earth's formation and early history.
SC.HS.14.4.C. Develop a model to illustrate how Earth’s internal and surface processes operate over time to form, modify, and recycle continental and ocean floor features.
SC.HS.15.5. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence to describe the interactions between society, environment, and economy.
SC.HS.15.5.A. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the availability of natural resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and changes in climate have influenced human activity.
SC.HS.15.5.C. Create a computational simulation to illustrate the relationships among management of natural resources, the sustainability of human populations, and biodiversity.
SC.HS.15.5.F. Use a computational representation to illustrate the relationships among Earth systems and the degree to which those relationships are being modified due to human activity.
SC.HS.10.5. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of biological evolution.
SC.HS.10.5.B. Construct an explanation based on evidence that natural selection primarily results from four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and reproduction,
SC.HS.6.1. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the relationship between structure and function in living things.
SC.HS.6.1.A. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
SC.HS.6.1.B. Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.
SC.HS.7. Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems
SC.HS.7.2. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of interdependent relationships in ecosystems.
SC.HS.7.2.B. Use mathematical representations to support and revise explanations based on evidence about factors affecting biodiversity and populations in ecosystems of different scales.
SC.HS.7.2.C. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning that the interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, but changing conditions may result in a new ecosystem.
SC.HS.8.3.B. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other molecules to form the four basic macromolecules.
SC.HS.8.3.C. Use a model to illustrate that cellular respiration is a chemical process whereby the bonds of food molecules are broken and bonds in new compounds are formed resulting in a net transfer of energy.
SC.HS.8.3.F. Develop a model to illustrate the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of carbon among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.
SC.HS.9. Heredity: Inheritance and Variation of Traits
SC.HS.9.4. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the inheritance and variation of traits.
SC.HS.9.4.A. Develop and use a model to explain the relationships between the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.
SC.HS.9.4.B. Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.
SC.HS.1.1. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces and interactions.
SC.HS.1.1.C. Apply science and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision.
SC.HS.2.2. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves.
SC.HS.2.2.A. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media.
SC.HS.2.2.C. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other.
SC.HS.3.3. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter.
SC.HS.3.3.A. Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
SC.HS.3.3.B. Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.
SC.HS.4.4. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy.
SC.HS.4.4.A. Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.
SC.HS.4.4.E. Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (se
SC.HS.5.5. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of chemical reactions.
SC.HS.5.5.A. Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.
SC.HS.5.5.B. Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends on the changes in total bond energy.
SC.HS.5.5.C. Apply scientific principles and evidence to provide an explanation about the effects of changing the temperature or concentration of the reacting particles on the rate at which a reaction occurs.
SC.HS.5.5.D. Refine the design of a chemical system by specifying a change in conditions that would produce increased amounts of products at equilibrium.
SC.HSP.6.3.B. Develop and use a model to identify and describe the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the skeletal system.
SC.HSP.6.4.B. Develop and use a model to identify and describe the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the muscular system.
SC.HSP.6.4.G. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the role of the muscular system in the cycling of matter and flow of energy among body systems.
SC.HSP.6.5.B. Develop and use a model to identify and describe the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the nervous system.
SC.HSP.6.5.G. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the role of the nervous system in the cycling of matter and flow of energy among body systems.
SC.HSP.6.6. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the cardiovascular/respiratory systems.
SC.HSP.6.6.A. Communicate scientific information that explains the patterns of organization in the cardiovascular/respiratory systems.
SC.HSP.6.6.B. Develop and use a model to identify and describe the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the cardiovascular/respiratory systems.
SC.HSP.6.6.C. Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence that feedback mechanisms in the cardiovascular/respiratory systems help maintain homeostasis.
SC.HSP.6.6.F. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the role of the cardiovascular/respiratory systems in the cycling of matter and flow of energy among body systems.
SC.HSP.6.7.B. Develop and use a model to identify and describe the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the digestive system.
SC.HSP.6.7.F. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the role of the digestive system in the cycling of matter and flow of energy among body systems.
SC.HSP.6.9. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the reproductive system.
SC.HSP.6.9.A. Communicate scientific information that explains the patterns of organization in the reproductive system.
SC.HSP.6.9.B. Develop and use a model to identify and describe the relationship between the structures and physiological processes of the reproductive system.
SC.HSP.6.9.F. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for the role of the reproductive system in the cycling of matter and flow of energy among body systems.
SC.HSP.10.5. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of biological evolution.
SC.HSP.10.5.B. Construct an explanation based on evidence that the process of evolution primarily results from four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the heritable genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual
SC.HSP.6.1. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the relationship between structure and function in living things.
SC.HSP.6.1.A. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the sequence of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
SC.HSP.6.1.B. Develop and use a model to illustrate the hierarchical organization of interacting systems that provide specific functions within multicellular organisms.
SC.HSP.6.1.E. Construct an explanation based on evidence that plants have structures that function to support survival, growth, behavior, and reproduction.
SC.HSP.6.1.F. Construct an explanation based on evidence that animals have structures that function to support survival, growth, behavior, and reproduction.
SC.HSP.7. Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems
SC.HSP.7.2. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of interdependent relationships in ecosystems.
SC.HSP.7.2.B. Use mathematical representations to support and revise explanations based on evidence about factors affecting biodiversity and populations in ecosystems of different scales.
SC.HSP.7.2.C. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning related to the principle that complex interactions in ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers and types of organisms in stable conditions, but changing conditions may result in a new ecosystem.
SC.HSP.8.3.B. Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen from sugar molecules may combine with other molecules to form amino acids and/or other large carbon-based molecules.
SC.HSP.8.3.C. Use a model to illustrate that cellular respiration is a chemical process whereby the bonds of food molecules and oxygen molecules are broken and the bonds in new compounds are formed resulting in a net transfer of energy.
SC.HSP.8.3.F. Develop a model to illustrate the role of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in the cycling of carbon among the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere.
SC.HSP.9.4.B. Ask questions to clarify relationships about the role of DNA and chromosomes in coding the instructions for characteristic traits passed from parents to offspring.
SC.HSP.9.4.C. Make and defend a claim based on evidence that inheritable genetic variations may result from: (1) new genetic combinations through meiosis, (2) viable errors occurring during replication, and/or (3) mutations caused by environmental factors.
SC.HSP.3.1. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the structure, properties, and interactions of matter.
SC.HSP.3.1.A. Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
SC.HSP.3.1.B. Plan and conduct an investigation to gather evidence to compare the structure of substances at the macro scale to infer the strength of electrical forces between particles.
SC.HSP.5.3.F. Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.
SC.HSP.1.1. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of forces, interactions, and motion.
SC.HSP.1.1.A. Generate and interpret mathematical and graphical representations to describe the relationships between position, velocity, acceleration and time.
SC.HSP.1.1.D. Apply scientific and engineering ideas to design, evaluate, and refine a device that minimizes the force on a macroscopic object during a collision.
SC.HSP.16.4.C. Use mathematical representations to provide evidence that describes and predicts relationships between power, current, voltage, and resistance.
SC.HSP.2. Waves, Electromagnetic Radiation, and Optics
SC.HSP.2.2. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of waves and optics.
SC.HSP.2.2.A. Use mathematical representations to describe the relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media.
SC.HSP.2.2.D. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and reasoning behind the idea that electromagnetic radiation can be described either by a wave model or a particle model, and that for some situations one model is more useful than the other.
SC.HSP.4.3. Gather, analyze, and communicate evidence of the interactions of energy.
SC.HSP.4.3.A. Create a computational model to calculate the change in the energy of one component in a system when the change in energy of the other component(s) and energy flows in and out of the system are known.
SC.HSP.4.3.E. Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence for the transfer of thermal energy within a system based on the Laws of Thermodynamics.