1 Write arguments focused on discipline-specific content.a. Introduce claim(s) about a topic or issue, acknowledge and distinguish the claim(s) from alternate or opposing claims/critiques, and organize the reasons and evidence logically in paragraphs and sections.
b. Support claim(s) with logical reasoning and relevant, accurate data and evidence that demonstrate an understanding of the topic or text, using credible sources.
c. Use words, phrases, and clauses with precision to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among claim(s), counterclaims/critiques, reasons, and evidence.
d. Establish and maintain a style appropriate to audience and purpose (e.g., formal for academic writing).
e. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the argument presented.
2 Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events, scientific procedures/experiments, or technical processes.a. Introduce a topic clearly, previewing what is to follow; use paragraphs and sections to organize ideas, concepts, and information into broader categories as appropriate to achieving purpose; include text features (e.g., headings), graphics (e.g., charts,
b. Develop the topic with relevant, well-chosen facts, definitions, concrete details, quotations, or other information and examples.
c. Use appropriate and varied transitions to create cohesion and clarify the relationships among ideas, concepts, or procedures.
d. Use precise language and domain-specific vocabulary to inform about or explain the topic.
e. Establish and maintain a style appropriate to audience and purpose (e.g., formal for academic writing).
f. Provide a concluding statement or section that follows from and supports the information or explanation presented.